Tuesday, August 26, 2008

Foucault and death of the subject

What I find most striking about the greatest apologist of our status quo - Michel Foucault - is how he manages to turn concepts that critical theory has developed to oppose capitalism into their very opposite. A case in point is Adorno's thesis of the death of the subject. For Adorno a tendency of capitalism is that it reduces individuals into quantifiable functions, into mere specimen of a genus. His point is not merely that we are replacable on the market, but that this feature of the market is pervading the whole of modern existence. He believed that when we are made universally equivalent, reduced to functions, when all that is idiosyncratic (or as Adorno would put it: non-identical with the concept) is suppressed, we cease to be individuals, we cease to be subjects. What Foucault did was turn the death of the subject into subjectivity itself, using the term subject to refer to objects of ideology. For him objectification is the measure of subjectivity. For Foucault the ideal subject is the inmate of Ausschwitz, stripped of all humanity, the sheer amount of violence he suffers at the hands of a repressive system the only measure that still manages to diferentiate him from the other victims.